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Basics
Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation unit. It is the
forced passage of water through a membrane against
the natural osmotic pressure to accomplish
separation of water and ions.
Osmosis
Osmosis is a process which can be defined as a passage
of liquid from weak solution to a more concentrated
solution across a semi permeable membrane.
The semi
permeable membrane allows the passage of liquid (solvent)
but does not allow solids (solutes) to pass through.
Application of external pressure to the salt solution side
equal to osmotic pressure will also cause equilibrium.
Additional pressure will raise the chemical potential of
water in the salt solution and cause a solvent flow to pure
water side, now at a lower chemical potential. This
phenomenon is called Reverse Osmosis.
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Reverse Osmosis Water Filter, Water Softener, RO Plant 
